Daniel דניאל
A book that changes language halfway through a verse. Ezekiel names a righteous Daniel too, with one letter fewer.
- Found in the Torah
- 15,602
- Chance alone: 16,144
- Skips 2 to 76,212
- Found in the Tanakh
- 301,446
- Chance alone: 302,794
- Skips 2 to 299,260
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Daniel's book opens in Hebrew and, at 2:4, switches to Aramaic in the middle of a verse when the Chaldeans address the king. It stays in Aramaic until the end of chapter 7. His name changes also: Daniel 1:7 has the chief of the officers give him a Babylonian one, Belteshazzar. Earlier in the canon, Ezekiel three times names a Daniel, spelled דנאל with no י, as a figure of righteousness and wisdom. Nobody is certain they are the same man, and the short spelling leaves that open. The long one stands 48 times bare, 45 of them in his own book. The letters mean God is my judge, and the page sets both forms side by side.
- As a whole word
- 48
- First, with any prefix
- Daniel 1:6
- Last
- 1 Chronicles 3:1
The measurement
Long spelling, 15,602 sequences in the Torah. Short spelling, 206,692. Each is within 3.5 percent of the formula. Nothing here can tell you whether Ezekiel's Daniel is this one.
| At every skip | Torah | Tanakh |
|---|---|---|
| Found | 15,602 | 301,446 |
| Chance alone | 16,144 | 302,794 |
| P (≥ found) | 1.00 | 0.99 |
| Shortest skip | 8 | 2 |
| Longest skip | 75,875 | 298,708 |
Counted forward and backward on the written text, with final letters treated as ordinary ones. At the laboratory's opening setting, skips 2 to 5,000, the Torah gives 2,104 against 2,048 by chance. How these figures are made.
Other spellings
Each spelling is its own search. Every skip, both directions.
| Spelling | Torah | Tanakh |
|---|---|---|
| דניאל48 as a word | 15,602 chance 16,144 | 301,446 chance 302,794 |
| דנאל2 as a word | 206,692 chance 207,955 | 3,443,067 chance 3,505,287 |
The sequences, letter by letter
Each letter is shown in the verse it happens to stand in, nothing more. Tap one to read it in the Tanakh, with the rest of the sequence marked.
In the Torah
Shortest skip 8, forward from Genesis 44:32
Shortest skip 8, forward from Numbers 1:7
לִֽיהוּדָ֕ה נַחְשׁ֖וֹן בֶּן־עַמִּינָדָֽב׃
Of Judah, Nahshon the son of Amminadab.
לְיִ֨שָּׂשכָ֔ר נְתַנְאֵ֖ל בֶּן־צוּעָֽר׃
Of Issachar, Nethanel the son of Zuar.
לִזְבוּלֻ֕ן אֱלִיאָ֖ב בֶּן־חֵלֹֽן׃
Of Zebulun, Eliab the son of Helon.
Short skip 67, backward from Exodus 7:4
וְלֹֽא־יִשְׁמַ֤ע אֲלֵכֶם֙ פַּרְעֹ֔ה וְנָתַתִּ֥י אֶת־יָדִ֖י בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם וְהוֹצֵאתִ֨י אֶת־צִבְאֹתַ֜י אֶת־עַמִּ֤י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם בִּשְׁפָטִ֖ים גְּדֹלִֽים׃
But Pharaoh will not hearken unto you, and I will lay My hand upon Egypt, and bring forth My hosts, My people the children of Israel, out of the land of Egypt, by great judgments.
וַאֲנִ֥י אַקְשֶׁ֖ה אֶת־לֵ֣ב פַּרְעֹ֑ה וְהִרְבֵּיתִ֧י אֶת־אֹתֹתַ֛י וְאֶת־מוֹפְתַ֖י בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃
And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and multiply My signs and My wonders in the land of Egypt.
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְקוָק֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה רְאֵ֛ה נְתַתִּ֥יךָ אֱ־לֹהִ֖ים לְפַרְעֹ֑ה וְאַהֲרֹ֥ן אָחִ֖יךָ יִהְיֶ֥ה נְבִיאֶֽךָ׃
And the LORD said unto Moses: ‘See, I have set thee in God’s stead to Pharaoh; and Aaron thy brother shall be thy prophet.
וַיֹּ֥אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֖ה לִפְנֵ֣י יְקוָ֑ק הֵ֤ן אֲנִי֙ עֲרַ֣ל שְׂפָתַ֔יִם וְאֵ֕יךְ יִשְׁמַ֥ע אֵלַ֖י פַּרְעֹֽה׃
And Moses said before the LORD: ‘Behold, I am of uncircumcised lips, and how shall Pharaoh hearken unto me?’
וַיְדַבֵּ֧ר יְקוָ֛ק אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹ֖ר אֲנִ֣י יְקוָ֑ק דַּבֵּ֗ר אֶל־פַּרְעֹה֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲנִ֖י דֹּבֵ֥ר אֵלֶֽיךָ׃
that the LORD spoke unto Moses, saying: ‘I am the LORD; speak thou unto Pharaoh king of Egypt all that I speak unto thee.’
Middle skip 501, forward from Deuteronomy 6:17
שָׁמ֣וֹר תִּשְׁמְר֔וּן אֶת־מִצְוֺ֖ת יְקוָ֣ק אֱ־לֹהֵיכֶ֑ם וְעֵדֹתָ֥יו וְחֻקָּ֖יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּֽךְ׃
Ye shall diligently keep the commandments of the LORD your God, and His testimonies, and His statutes, which He hath commanded thee.
… אֶל־הָאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה בָא־שָׁ֖מָּה לְרִשְׁתָּ֑הּ וְנָשַׁ֣ל גּֽוֹיִם־רַבִּ֣ים מִפָּנֶ֡יךָ הַֽחִתִּי֩ וְהַגִּרְגָּשִׁ֨י …
When the LORD thy God shall bring thee into the land whither thou goest to possess it, and shall cast out many nations before thee, the Hittite, and the Girgashite, and the Amorite, and the Canaanite, and the Perizzite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite, seven nations greater and mightier than thou;
… מִבֵּ֣ית עֲבָדִ֔ים מִיַּ֖ד פַּרְעֹ֥ה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרָֽיִם׃
but because the LORD loved you, and because He would keep the oath which He swore unto your fathers, hath the LORD brought you out with a mighty hand, and redeemed you out of the house of bondage, from the hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt.
וְאָכַלְתָּ֣ אֶת־כָּל־הָֽעַמִּ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְקוָ֤ק אֱ־לֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ נֹתֵ֣ן לָ֔ךְ לֹא־תָחֹ֥ס עֵֽינְךָ֖ עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְלֹ֤א תַעֲבֹד֙ אֶת־אֱ־לֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם כִּֽי־מוֹקֵ֥שׁ ה֖וּא לָֽךְ׃
And thou shalt consume all the peoples that the LORD thy God shall deliver unto thee; thine eye shall not pity them; neither shalt thou serve their gods; for that will be a snare unto thee.
… בָּאֵ֑שׁ לֹֽא־תַחְמֹד֩ כֶּ֨סֶף וְזָהָ֤ב עֲלֵיהֶם֙ וְלָקַחְתָּ֣ לָ֔ךְ פֶּ֚ן תִּוָּקֵ֣שׁ …
The graven images of their gods shall ye burn with fire; thou shalt not covet the silver or the gold that is on them, nor take it unto thee, lest thou be snared therein; for it is an abomination to the LORD thy God.
Wide skip 5,005, backward from Leviticus 16:28
וְהַשֹּׂרֵ֣ף אֹתָ֔ם יְכַבֵּ֣ס בְּגָדָ֔יו וְרָחַ֥ץ אֶת־בְּשָׂר֖וֹ בַּמָּ֑יִם וְאַחֲרֵי־כֵ֖ן יָב֥וֹא אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃
And he that burneth them shall wash his clothes, and bathe his flesh in water, and afterward he may come into the camp.
וְלָקַ֧ח הַכֹּהֵ֛ן אֶת־כֶּ֥בֶשׂ הָאָשָׁ֖ם וְאֶת־לֹ֣ג הַשָּׁ֑מֶן וְהֵנִ֨יף אֹתָ֧ם הַכֹּהֵ֛ן תְּנוּפָ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י יְקוָֽק׃
And the priest shall take the lamb of the guilt-offering, and the log of oil, and the priest shall wave them for a wave-offering before the LORD.
דַּבֵּ֞ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אִשָּׁה֙ כִּ֣י תַזְרִ֔יעַ וְיָלְדָ֖ה זָכָ֑ר וְטָֽמְאָה֙ שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִ֔ים כִּימֵ֛י נִדַּ֥ת דְּוֺתָ֖הּ תִּטְמָֽא׃
Speak unto the children of Israel, saying: If a woman be delivered, and bear a man-child, then she shall be unclean seven days; as in the days of the impurity of her sickness shall she be unclean.
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֜ה אֶל־אַהֲרֹ֣ן וְאֶל־בָּנָ֗יו בַּשְּׁל֣וּ אֶת־הַבָּשָׂר֮ פֶּ֣תַח אֹ֣הֶל …
And Moses said unto Aaron and to his sons: ‘Boil the flesh at the door of the tent of meeting; and there eat it and the bread that is in the basket of consecration, as I commanded, saying: Aaron and his sons shall eat it.
וְהָיָה֮ כִּֽי־יֶחֱטָ֣א וְאָשֵׁם֒ וְהֵשִׁ֨יב אֶת־הַגְּזֵלָ֜ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר גָּזָ֗ל א֤וֹ אֶת־הָעֹ֨שֶׁק֙ …
then it shall be, if he hath sinned, and is guilty, that he shall restore that which he took by robbery, or the thing which he hath gotten by oppression, or the deposit which was deposited with him, or the lost thing which he found,
Outside the Torah
Shortest skip 2, forward from Judges 6:11
… חִטִּים֙ בַּגַּ֔ת לְהָנִ֖יס מִפְּנֵ֥י מִדְיָֽן׃
And the angel of the LORD came, and sat under the terebinth which was in Ophrah, that belonged unto Joash the Abiezrite; and his son Gideon was beating out wheat in the winepress, to hide it from the Midianites.
וַיֵּרָ֥א אֵלָ֖יו מַלְּאַ֣ךְ יְקוָ֑ק וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֔יו יְקוָ֥ק עִמְּךָ֖ גִּבּ֥וֹר הֶחָֽיִל׃
And the angel of the LORD appeared unto him, and said unto him: ‘The LORD is with thee, thou mighty man of valour.’
Middle skip 502, backward from Isaiah 14:22
וְקַמְתִּ֣י עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם נְאֻ֖ם יְקוָ֣ק צְבָא֑וֹת וְהִכְרַתִּ֨י לְבָבֶ֜ל שֵׁ֥ם וּשְׁאָ֛ר וְנִ֥ין וָנֶ֖כֶד נְאֻם־יְקוָֽק׃
And I will rise up against them, saith the LORD of hosts, and cut off from Babylon name and remnant, and offshoot and offspring, saith the LORD.
הוּרַ֥ד שְׁא֛וֹל גְּאוֹנֶ֖ךָ הֶמְיַ֣ת נְבָלֶ֑יךָ תַּחְתֶּ֨יךָ֙ יֻצַּ֣ע רִמָּ֔ה וּמְכַסֶּ֖יךָ תּוֹלֵעָֽה׃
Thy pomp is brought down to the nether-world, And the noise of thy psalteries; the maggot is spread under thee, And the worms cover thee.’
וְעָנָ֤ה אִיִּים֙ בְּאַלְמנוֹתָ֔יו וְתַנִּ֖ים בְּהֵ֣יכְלֵי עֹ֑נֶג וְקָר֤וֹב לָבוֹא֙ עִתָּ֔הּ וְיָמֶ֖יהָ לֹ֥א יִמָּשֵֽׁכוּ׃
And jackals shall howl in their castles, And wild-dogs in the pleasant palaces; And her time is near to come, And her days shall not be prolonged.
וּפָקַדְתִּ֤י עַל־תֵּבֵל֙ רָעָ֔ה וְעַל־רְשָׁעִ֖ים עֲוֺנָ֑ם וְהִשְׁבַּתִּי֙ גְּא֣וֹן זֵדִ֔ים וְגַאֲוַ֥ת עָרִיצִ֖ים אַשְׁפִּֽיל׃
And I will visit upon the world their evil, And upon the wicked their iniquity; And I will cause the arrogancy of the proud to cease, And will lay low the haughtiness of the tyrants.
צַהֲלִ֥י וָרֹ֖נִּי יוֹשֶׁ֣בֶת צִיּ֑וֹן כִּֽי־גָד֥וֹל בְּקִרְבֵּ֖ךְ קְד֥וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
Cry aloud and shout, thou inhabitant of Zion, For great is the Holy One of Israel in the midst of thee.’
By skip range, shuffled texts and book
| Skips, Torah | Found | Chance alone |
|---|---|---|
| 2 to 10 | 2 | 3.8 |
| 11 to 100 | 32 | 38.1 |
| 101 to 1,000 | 397 | 379 |
| 1,001 to 5,000 | 1,673 | 1,628 |
| 5,001 to 76,212 | 13,498 | 14,096 |
Shuffled Torahs
The Torah's own count at skips 2 to 1,000 is 431. Each family below rebuilt the text 100 times (seed 5787). What each family keeps.
| Control family | Runs at or above 431 | Median run | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Letter shuffle | 27/100 | 418 | 369 to 469 |
| Words within each verse | 41/100 | 428 | 368 to 471 |
Where the sequences start
| Torah | Found | Chance alone |
|---|---|---|
| Genesis | 4,426 | 4,134 |
| Exodus | 2,999 | 3,365 |
| Leviticus | 1,979 | 2,372 |
| Numbers | 3,618 | 3,365 |
| Deuteronomy | 2,580 | 2,908 |
| Tanakh | Found | Chance alone |
|---|---|---|
| Torah | 65,414 | 77,112 |
| Prophets | 132,480 | 140,081 |
| Writings | 103,552 | 85,601 |
Run this search yourself
Change the skips, set דניאל beside another word, and run the controls on your own question.
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